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The hardness of a diamond carving knife can be measured like this

The hardness of a diamond carving knife can be measured like this

In the jewelry processing, diamond engraving knife is more often will use to the tool, like our car flower knife, hand batch knife, cnc CNC tools and other tools can be diamond engraving knife. We know that the hardness of diamond is incomparable to other objects in nature, the hardness of the tool in our choice of tool will also be taken into account, next we look at the diamond engraving knife tool hardness measurement method and influence factors. 　　The hardness of the tool is tested with Rockwell hardness tester. Steel props to detect HRC hardness, carbide manufactured tools to detect HRA hardness, PHR series portable Rockwell hardness tester is very suitable for testing tool hardness. The weight of the instrument is 0.7kg, the accuracy is the same as that of the desktop machine, and it can be tried like a micrometer, which is very convenient no matter using and carrying. 　　There are many factors that affect the quality of diamond engraving knives and other cutting tools. Among them, hardness is one of the important factors to determine the good or bad of the tool. The hardness of the tool is determined by the material, different materials determine the different hardness. The materials used to make tools are generally: diamond, tungsten carbide, high-speed steel, alloy tool steel, etc. The hardness of the tool is generally between 56(58)-63HRC. 　　The material of the tool 　　When the tool material hardness is high, the wear resistance is also high. However, the higher the hardness of the tool material, the lower its flexural strength and impact toughness. The following is a brief description of the two materials used to make tools. High-speed steel, which is still one of the most widely used tool materials due to its high flexural strength and impact toughness, as well as its good machinability. 　　Coated tools, with high surface hardness, good wear resistance, stable chemical properties, heat and oxidation resistance, small friction factor and low thermal conductivity and other characteristics, coated tools cutting than uncoated tools to improve tool life by more than 3 to 5 times, improve tool cutting speed 20% to 70%, improve machining accuracy 0.5 to 1 level, reduce tool consumption costs 20% to 50%. 　　Therefore, coated tools have become the symbol of modern cutting tools, and the proportion of use in tools has exceeded 50%. At present, various cutting tools used in cutting processing, including turning tools, boring tools, drills, reamers, broaches, taps, thread combs, hobbing heads, milling tools, forming tools, gear hobs and shaper cutters, etc. can be coated to improve their use performance. 　　There are four types of coated tools: coated HSS tools, coated carbide tools, and coated tools on ceramic and superhard material (diamond or cubic boron nitride) inserts. However, the first two types of coated tools are the most used. The coating on ceramic and superhard material inserts is a material with lower hardness than the substrate, in order to improve the fracture toughness of the tool surface (can be increased by more than 10%), which can reduce the chipping and breaking of the tool and expand the range of tool applications. 　　Diamond engraving knife tool as one of the components of super hard material, generally in the production process will be added to the tool with a coating, plus the coating of the tool life longer, the tool is also more wear-resistant. Today gives you the diamond engraving knife and other tools hardness measurement method and tool material. I hope it can help you.

03-22

What are the classifications of diamond tools? What are the application areas?

What are the classifications of diamond tools? What are the application areas?

Diamond tools as a common high-speed cutting tools, with high hardness, thermal conductivity and good wear resistance, and can obtain high machining accuracy and efficiency and other advantages are widely used in various industries, but some people on the main material of diamond tools, the corresponding field is still not particularly clear, today Hua Ling super hard combined with their own decades of diamond tool making experience to talk to you about the diamond tools of those things things~ Application fields of diamond tools Diamond tools are mainly divided into three categories: single crystal (SPDT) diamond tools, polycrystalline (PCD) diamond tools and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond tools. 1、Single crystal (SPDT) diamond tools Single crystal (SPDT) diamond tools are mainly made of large grain single crystal diamond (quality greater than 0.1g, minimum diameter length not less than 3mm), mainly used in precision CNC turning and mechanical processing with high requirements for surface roughness, geometric accuracy and dimensional accuracy. Monocrystalline diamond is mainly divided into two types: natural monocrystalline diamond and synthetic monocrystalline diamond. Among them, natural monocrystalline diamond is the most wear-resistant material in diamond, the radius of blunt circle of cutting edge after fine grinding can be as small as 0.008～0.005μm. but natural monocrystalline diamond is more brittle, its crystal exists anisotropy, different crystal surface or the same crystal surface in different directions of the crystal hardness is different, so in grinding and use must choose the appropriate direction. In addition, due to the limited resources of natural single crystal diamond, the price is expensive natural single crystal diamond tools are mainly used for ultra-precision cutting of certain non-ferrous metals or the making of gold jewelry. And synthetic single crystal diamond has good consistency in size, shape and performance, and due to the increasing maturity of high temperature and high pressure technology, a certain size of single crystal diamond can be synthesized, so when processing high wear-resistant laminated wood, its performance is better than PCD diamond and will not cause premature blunting of the cutting edge. 2、Poly-crystalline diamond (PCD) tools Polycrystalline diamond (PCD) is a polycrystalline material made of polycrystalline diamond single crystal powder and cobalt and other metal bond at high temperature (about 1800 ℃) and high pressure (5 ~ 6 MPa) conditions. Although its hardness is slightly lower than that of single-crystal diamond, it is an isotropic aggregate of randomly oriented diamond grains. When used as a cutting tool, it can be ground in any direction. In addition, it does not require the selection of the best solution surface as the front cutting surface as in the case of natural diamond. When cutting, the cutting edge is insensitive to accidental damage and has high wear resistance. It can keep sharp cutting edge for a long time, and high cutting speed and large back cutting (depth of cut) can be used during machining, and its service life is generally 10~500 times that of tungsten carbide based carbide tools. 3、Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) tools CVD diamond is a high wear resistance pure diamond material without bonding agent, prepared at low pressure (<0.1MPa).CVD diamond mainly has two forms: CVD thin film coating (CD) and CVD thick film (TFD).CVD thin film coating is deposited on carbide substrate (commonly used K-type alloy) by CVD (chemical vapor deposition) process, the thickness is about 10~30 μm, which is composed of thin film-like polycrystalline diamond. Because the substrate is easy to make complex shapes, it is suitable for tools with complex geometry, such as taps, drills, end mills and indexable inserts with chip breakers.CVD thin film coated tools are mainly used for high-speed precision machining of non-ferrous and non-metallic materials, and the tool life is nearly ten or even tens of times longer than that of uncoated carbide tools. However, CVD thin film coated tools are not suitable for machining composite materials such as metals because the hard particles in the composite material will wear through a layer of coating on the tool surface in a very short period of time. Although the price of CVD film coated tools is lower than that of similar PCD tools, the low bond between the diamond film and the base material limits its wide application.

03-22

What is the difference between diamond tools, CBN tools and diamond tools?

What is the difference between diamond tools, CBN tools and diamond tools?

A, the successful use of diamond tools not only depends on the tool a few parameters and cutting parameters, sometimes also need the tool supplier to tool use in the encountered questions to give disposal program. For example, some large automobile parts processing workshop use diamond tool for processing, originally each piece of diamond tool can process 1500 parts, but the processing of bad chip habit will damage the appearance of the parts, for this reason, many companies will process a radial chip break slot in the top of the diamond tool disposal program, and then effectively dispose of the problem. Second, the correct use of CBN tools is to meet the conditions of processing. Although the detailed cause of tool failure varies, but generally is due to the use of the target or the use of incorrect methods caused by. Users in the use of CBN tools, probably correctly grasp the customary scale of the tool. For example, with CBN tool processing ferrous metal workpiece (such as stainless steel), because the diamond is very easy and the carbon in the steel chemical reaction, will cause CBN tool rapid wear, so the correct selection of processing hardened steel is probably PCBN tool. Third, the diamond tool cutting processing aluminum alloy material, diamond tool roughing cutting speed of about 120m/min, and diamond tool even in roughing high silicon aluminum alloy cutting speed can reach about 360m/min. milling processing of the workpiece appearance finish can not reach the demand, can use the grain size is small repair light blade to the workpiece appearance for repair light processing, in order to obtain a higher satisfaction of the surface finish.

03-22

Diamond blade has those kinds of sharpening process methods

Diamond blade has those kinds of sharpening process methods

Diamond tool sharpening process method is the key to obtain diamond tools with sharp edge, small surface roughness value and small edge serrations. Currently seen in the literature of diamond tool sharpening process methods are the following 5 kinds 1、Mechanical grinding method The traditional mechanical grinding method generally in the diameter of 30 ~ 40cm cast iron grinding disc coated with a layer of mixed size 1 ~ 50 Λ m diamond powder grinding paste for pre-grinding, so that the diamond powder embedded in the cast iron grinding disc microporous, and then using 50r/min typical speed to diamond tool grinding, its essence is the diamond and diamond grinding. The traditional mechanical grinding method has high grinding efficiency because of the high speed of grinding disc, high positive pressure and high friction force during grinding. However, due to the discontinuous impact effect of this grinding method, the diamond tool serrations and the thickness of the metamorphic layer are larger, and the surface roughness value is also larger, generally 0.05 ~ 1μm. According to foreign literature, when the diamond tool cutting edge blunt circle radius reaches the nanometer level, can use the diamond tool and grinding disc spacing for tens of nanometers zero load idle, this case can also remove the tool material. So in theory, the mechanical polishing method can make the surface roughness value of several nanometers. 2, ion beam sputtering method Ion beam sputtering method is the use of high-energy argon ion bombardment of diamond tool surface carbon atoms, so that the tool carbon atoms are excluded one by one microfabrication method, suitable for processing tiny diamond tools, the obtained diamond tool surface roughness value of a few nanometers. 3、Thermal chemical polishing method Thermochemical polishing method is generally in the flow of hydrogen in the carbon atoms and the surrounding hydrogen gas reaction to generate methane and with the air flow out. Thermochemical polishing efficiency depends on the diffusion rate of carbon atoms, and the influencing factors are temperature, positive pressure, grinding disc speed, etc. This method can make the diamond tool surface roughness value (Ra) reach several nanometers, and the surface metamorphic layer is shallow. 4、No damage mechanical chemical polishing method This method in the NaOH solution to add an appropriate amount of microfine diamond powder and more fine silicon powder, through the strong electrostatic effect to make silicon powder adsorption in the diamond powder above, and then they coated in porous system cast iron grinding disc on the diamond tool grinding, the essence is microfine silicon powder and diamond tool surface carbon atoms occur chemical reaction, through the silicon micro powder micro grinding effect to scrape off the reaction layer. The grinding efficiency of this method is very low, about one atomic layer per minute. 5、Oxidation etching method This method uses high purity oxygen or oxygenated water vapor to make the carbon atoms on the diamond surface oxidize under the action of high temperature (pure oxygen 1100℃, oxygenated water vapor 600～900℃) to form carbon oxides and discharge with the oxygen or water vapor stream. The roughness value (Ra) of the diamond surface after processing by this method can reach several nanometers.

03-22

A good way to effectively improve the quality of PCD tools

A good way to effectively improve the quality of PCD tools

Diamond grade quality, particle size and concentration of diamond tools have a decisive role, so for our diamond tool manufacturing, batch synthesis of stable performance, coarse particles, thermal stability performance of high strength diamond is completely possible. A key factor to improve the cutting efficiency and life of diamond tools is to improve the holding power of the casing to the diamond. Tire to diamond has a good holding power, diamond will not be prematurely off, and has the largest projection height, cutting sharp, high efficiency. Improve the quality of diamond tools the following three methods: 1、Improve the mechanical holding force As the metal powder in the sintering produces shrinkage, the formation of compressive stress hold diamond. Compressive stress is generated because of the diamond and the tire body metal thermal expansion coefficient is different, due to sintering or crystal formation and growth caused by volume changes. Because the yield strength of the body is limited, so the compressive stress and mechanical holding force is limited. 2, powder add a small amount of strong carbide forming elements such as Cr, W, Mo, etc. Because of its wettability and affinity to diamond is good, sintering in the diamond and the metal interface of the body to form carbide, to achieve the secondary gold combination of diamond, is conducive to strengthening and improving the holding force. 3, diamond surface coating a layer of strong carbide forming metal elements such as Cr, Ni, Ti, W, etc. This is in recent years the use of more process measures.

03-22

The impact of tool chip breakage on CNC machine tools in cutting operations

The impact of tool chip breakage on CNC machine tools in cutting operations

Tool chip breakage has a significant impact on normal production and operator safety, in the cutting process, broken chips will splash injury, and easy to research damage to the machine tool; and long strip of chips will be wound in the workpiece or tool, easy to scratch the workpiece, triggering tool breakage, and even affect the safety of workers. CNC machine tools (machining centers) and other automated processing machine tools, due to the number of tools, tool holders and tools are closely linked, the problem of chip breakage becomes more important, as long as one of the tools chip breakage is not reliable, it may damage the automatic cycle of the machine tool, or even damage the normal operation of the entire automatic line, so in the design, selection or sharpening tools, must consider the reliability of the tool chip breakage. . And for CNC machine tools (machining centers), etc., and should meet the following requirements: 1, chips shall not be wound in the tool, workpiece and its adjacent tools, equipment; 2, chips shall not splash to ensure the safety of the operator and observer; 3, when finishing, the chips shall not scratch the machined surface of the workpiece and affect the quality of the machined surface; 4, to ensure the intended durability of the tool, not prematurely wear and make every effort to prevent its breakage; 5、The chips will not interfere with the injection of cutting fluid when they flow out; 6, the chips will not scratch the machine guide or other components, etc. On the basis of meeting the above requirements, different tools have different requirements for chip length. For example, the maximum chip length for rough turning steel is about 100mm; fine turning should be slightly longer. To avoid too fine chips, because it is easy to embed some important parts of the machine tool guide and tool device (such as the reference surface), so that not only need additional protection devices, but also to remove the chips to bring some difficulties. For some tools that are not easy to break chips, such as forming turning tools, grooving turning tools and cutting off turning tools, etc., in CNC machine tools (machining centers) and other automated machine tools, should ensure that its stable roll chips.

03-22

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